The topic of Security Council reform got different amount of attention inside different speeches of state representatives. From the content of speeches the public was able to notice that some states are giving more importance to the topic of reformed Security Council in comparison to another states. Priority of this topic was especially heard in the speeches of countries that are openly aiming for new permanent member status in Security Council. India and Germany were really pointing out the necessity of reforming the current structure, but unfortunately we could not hear the position of Brazil as its delegation was absent.
Big focus on Security Council reform was also noticed among the groups of countries that were already active on this topic in the past. Countries of Uniting for Consensus group showed a lot of interest for this topic and already revealed their idea of reformed Security Council. Group of African countries also pointed out that they clearly expect change of structure that will bring representation of African continent they deserve.
On the other hand, some representatives of current permanent member states had more passive stance towards the ideas of reform. In addition to this, all of the permanent member states expressed that will not negotiate the changes of the actual veto right structure.
Nevertheless, it is important that all groups of countries recognized the need for reform of Security Council and are ready to negotiate the possible solutions. This gave us the impression that Security Council reform is possible and near as it ever was. According to positions of states in the opening speeches, it seems that countries will easily reach the consensus on increasing non-permanent seats. However, it seems that increase and selection of permanent seats will be difficult to achieve. The same goes also for reform of current veto structure.
Luka Kavčič
Bellow you can read some of the key ideas and thoughts expressed by state representatives:
Argentina:
"Argentina in the past with Uniting for Consensus countries prosed extension of Security Council of non-permanent members. Now we still believe that it is good idea because Security Council should be more representatives.
Australia:
"The reform is needed as soon as possible in a sense of enlargement of permanent and non-permanent seats. We support India to get permanent seat in UN.
China:
"People’s Republic of China supports the reform, which would give vote to unrepresented regions, particularly to developing countries of Africa and South America, but it is reluctant to renounce it right to veto.
Czech Republic:
"We really think that with clear vision and action, which we shared today, all nations together, could change the world and make it a better place where SC is reformed.''
Cuba:
"We call for the urgent reform by expanding the Security Council, both in terms of permanent and non-permanent members, to make it more democratic, responsible, effective and representative of the world.
Egypt:
"It is high time to finally adjust the Security Council membership to the nowadays reality of the international community and Egypt therefore calls for reform and expansion in the membership of the Security Council that will repair injustices with regard to the lack of representation of African, as well as Latin American and Asian countries.
India:
"Any successful reform will of course have to include both – the improvement of working methods and enlargement of the size of the council in both membership categories. We sincerely hope that we will come to an agreement on this issue."
Iran:
"The Security Council has to be adapted according to the present-day economic and military capabilities of particular states, and it must include at least one Latin American, or African member.
Israel:
"Israel has a sincere interest in the success of the reform of the UN system and it wants to work together with other member states, to achieve real effective results.
Italy:
"Italy and its UfC partners support increase of non-permanent seats of SC and strongly oppose any increase of permanent seats of SC. New permanent members would make SC even more exclusive and non-legitimate.
Malaysia:
"Malaysia believes that the Security Council needs a major overhaul, both in its working methods, as well as in the issue of expansion of its membership and more importantly, Malaysia would want to see an end of the veto power among members of the SC.
Nigeria:
"Its time for Africa!
Republic of Korea:
"Republic of Korea has been actively participating in discussion Security Council reform, therefore we believe in our work in United for Consensus Group, which will bring wider membership, and regional representation of African, Asian and Latin American states.
Russian Federation:
"Russian Federation strongly supports new permanent members from underrepresented regions, but will not support model that exceeds 20 members. Further on it will strive for establishment of common command control for UNSC coercive operations, which will bring more transparency and prevent abuses and malfunctions.
South Africa:
"South Africa called for the necessary SC reform, with focus on greater representation of African states. It emphasized the fact that people on the African land present one seventh of the world population and that Africa is subject to the Council's agenda 75% of time, while Africa still doesn't have a permanent seat.
UK:
"To deal with the escalating security challenges, the United Kingdom supports a much-needed reform of the Security Council, that would be more representative, transparent, open and also efficient. Therefore, we support the candidacies of Germany, Japan, India, Brazil and an African representation for permanent membership."
USA:
"We will consider all proposals for membership changes, but they must be country-specific, modest, cannot include changes in the veto structure and should at the end enjoy consensus among countries."
Venezuela:
"Venezuela stresses the need for a complete reform of UN, because existing system reflects unfair power relationship in the world."
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Disclaimer: This information is fictive and serves for the purposes of the UN simulation only.
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